By Stefanos Pavlides*
Preventive medicine is the key to a long and healthy life. Depending on our age, family medical history, and other factors, it is essential to incorporate specific medical tests into our routine. These tests play a crucial role in maintaining good health and preventing various diseases. Which of those though are essential?
20-30 years of age
Although we feel strong and healthy at this age, it is important to start regular check-ups early. Once a year, it is essential to measure blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels, especially if a case like those runs in the family. Women should visit their gynecologist once a year for a Pap test, while breast screening is also essential. Both men and women should monitor their skin for any changes in moles, while it is also important to visit the dentist twice a year. We must not forget that many diseases first manifest in the oral cavity, making dental check-ups a crucial tool for early diagnosis and prevention.
30-40 years of age
At this stage of life, due to our demanding daily routine, we tend to neglect our health. However, annual blood testing is essential, as is the measurement of our blood pressure. Women should undergo thyroid checks, as issues with this gland are more common in females. Additionally, once a year, they should have a Pap test and a breast examination, based on their doctors' recommendations. At this age, it is important to visit an ophthalmologist every two years, unless there is an issue that requires more frequent visits to this specialist.
40-50 years of age
Between the ages of 40 and 50, depending on our doctors' recommendations, it is highly beneficial to include heart checks in our screening routine. In addition to the usual tests, we need regular cardiological check-ups, including an electrocardiogram (ECG) and a stress test. If we are 45 or older, and in consultation with our doctor, we should include a colonoscopy in our routine to check the colon. At the same time, and based on family’s medical history, we should check for diabetes. For women, a bone density test is extremely useful to prevent osteoporosis. Essential for women is the Pap test as well as a mammogram, once a year.
50 years of age or more
After the age of 50, our health requires more attention. Men should start prostate screening with the PSA test. Both men and women should regularly monitor their blood pressure and cholesterol levels, while women should continue with mammograms and Pap tests. The doctor who is familiar with our medical history may recommend certain vaccines, such as the flu vaccine and the pneumococcal vaccine. It is important and useful to note that vaccination is a crucial part of prevention, especially for vulnerable population groups.
In any case, the best advisor is our doctor, which is why we should trust them with our health. Because they are familiar with our medical history, they can create a personalized testing plan for us based on our specific needs. For example, smokers, those with chronic conditions, or those with a family history of serious illnesses should undergo more frequent check-ups.
Remember, prevention is always better than treatment. Keep a diary for your check-ups and make them a priority, always consulting your doctor. Health is the most precious asset a person has, and we must give it the attention and importance it deserves.
*Director of Clinical Laboratories at the BIOIATRIKI Healthcare Group in Cyprus
